Madurai: The ongoing eleventh phase of archaeological excavation in Keeladi near Madurai has revealed extensive structural remains, terracotta pipelines, aligned roof tiles, and unique pottery, underscoring advanced urban planning and craftsmanship in an ancient Tamil settlement.
Key Discoveries
Speaking to TOI, Ramesh Masethung, excavation director for Keeladi, said, “A long structural wall, advanced water channels, and intricate terracotta pipelines are extending from the existing excavation site.” He said they have also unearthed a red-slipped pot with handles, a first from the site, with a diameter of 30 cm. Found at a depth of 45 cm, the unique artifact features decorative thumb-impression patterns, highlighting the craftsmanship of the era.
Expert Insights
C Santhalingam, a retired archaeologist who worked for the state government, said, “Handled red-slipped ware is rare and has different craftsmanship, and the red-slip indicates that the pot was indigenously made.” He also said the continuation of the terracotta pipeline and water channels from the existing excavation shows there existed a large city. “We had previously unearthed a series of vats—which we identified as a dyeing unit—that featured water inlets and outlets. The structures recently discovered may have served as pipelines for discharging waste or for draining water from a ring well,” he said.
Historical Context
Keeladi gained prominence after systematic archaeological excavations began in 2014 under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) led by Amarnath Ramakrishnan. Early findings—urban structures, pottery with Tamil-Brahmi script, and craft evidence—suggested an advanced Sangam-era civilization dating back to the 6th century BCE. In 2017, the project was transferred to the Tamil Nadu state archaeology department, fueling political debate.
The shift triggered allegations that the Centre sought to downplay findings linking early Tamil society to the Indus Valley tradition. The state government subsequently accelerated excavations, presenting Keeladi as proof of an independent, ancient Dravidian urban culture, making it both an archaeological and political landmark.
