MADURAI: The ongoing eleventh phase of archaeological excavation at Keeladi near Madurai has revealed extensive structural remains, terracotta pipelines, aligned roof tiles, and unique pottery, underscoring advanced urban planning and craftsmanship in the ancient Tamil settlement.
Structural Discoveries
Speaking to TOI, Ramesh Masethung, excavation director for Keeladi, said, “A long structural wall, advanced water channels and intricate terracotta pipelines are extending from the existing excavation site.” He also noted the discovery of a red-slipped pot with handles, a first from the site, measuring 30cm in diameter. Found at a depth of 45cm, this unique artifact features decorative thumb-impression patterns, highlighting the craftsmanship of the era.
Expert Insights
C Santhalingam, a retired archaeologist who worked for the state government, said, “Handled red-slipped ware is rare and has different craftsmanship, and the red-slip indicates that the pot was indigenously made.” He further explained that the continuation of the terracotta pipeline and water channels from the existing excavation suggests the existence of a large city. “We had previously unearthed a series of vats — which we identified as a dyeing unit — that featured water inlets and outlets. The structures recently discovered may have served as pipelines for discharging waste or for draining water from a ring well,” he added.
Historical Context
Keeladi gained prominence after systematic archaeological excavations began in 2014 under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), led by Amarnath Ramakrishnan. Early findings — urban structures, pottery with Tamil-Brahmi script, and craft evidence — suggested an advanced Sangam-era civilization dating back to the 6th century BCE. In 2017, the project was transferred to the Tamil Nadu state archaeology department, fueling political debate.
Political Significance
The shift triggered allegations that the Centre sought to downplay findings linking early Tamil society to the Indus Valley tradition. The state government subsequently accelerated excavations, presenting Keeladi as proof of an independent, ancient Dravidian urban culture, making it both an archaeological and political landmark.
