Severe Rainfall Shortfall and Rising Temperatures Threaten Wheat Crop in Northern India
The states of Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh have experienced a significant and alarming rainfall deficit during the month of February, with deficiencies ranging from 81% to a staggering 98%. This severe shortfall, coupled with unseasonably high temperatures, poses a direct threat to the crucial wheat crop in the region, raising concerns among farmers and agricultural experts.
Alarming February Rainfall Deficits Detailed
According to meteorological data, Punjab faced the most extreme situation, recording a 98% deficient rainfall. The state received a mere 0.6mm of rain against a normal expectation of 27.1mm for February. Himachal Pradesh followed with an 86% deficiency, receiving only 14.7mm compared to the normal 101.8mm. Haryana reported an 81% deficit, with actual rainfall of 3.4mm against a normal of 17.3mm.
Extended Dry Spell Across January and February
The rainfall deficiency is not isolated to February alone. Over the combined months of January and February, these states continued to experience substantial shortfalls. Himachal Pradesh recorded the highest two-month deficit at 44%, receiving 104.9mm against a normal of 187.1mm. Haryana saw a 28% deficiency with 23.0mm against 31.8mm normal, while Punjab recorded a 26% shortfall, receiving 34.9mm compared to the normal 47.4mm.
Rising Temperatures Exacerbate Agricultural Concerns
Compounding the issue of scant rainfall, February witnessed a sharp rise in temperatures, which is highly unfavorable for the growth and development of the wheat crop. Mercury levels soared to 3-5°C above normal in both Punjab and Haryana in recent days. This combination of almost no rain and elevated heat is expected to negatively impact wheat yields, potentially affecting agricultural output and farmer livelihoods.
IMD Forecast and Future Outlook
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has indicated that while normal to above-normal rainfall is likely in March for most parts, some areas in the Northwest may still face challenges. More concerning is the forecast for the upcoming hot weather season from March to May. The IMD predicts above-normal maximum and minimum temperatures across Northwest India, suggesting that the current adverse conditions may persist or intensify, further stressing crops and water resources.
In summary, the severe rainfall deficit and unseasonable warmth in Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh have created a precarious situation for agriculture, particularly the wheat crop, with implications for food security and regional economies as the hot season approaches.
