The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has mandated the study of three languages for students from Class IX starting July 1, 2026. The board has also clarified that there will be no Board examination for the third language (R3) in Class X.
Circular Details
In a circular issued on May 15, CBSE stated that at least two of the three languages must be native Indian languages. This move aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCF-SE) 2023.
“With effect from July 1, 2026, for Class IX, the study of three languages (R1, R2, R3) shall be compulsory, with at least two languages being native Indian languages,” the circular stated.
Assessment and Examination
It also clarified that no Board exam will be held for the third language in Class X. “All assessments for R3 shall be entirely school-based and internal. The performance of students in R3 will be duly reflected in the CBSE certificate,” the board said. It added that no student will be stopped from appearing in Class X Board exams due to the third language.
Three-Language Structure Under NEP Rules
CBSE said schools can offer any language from its approved list, but at least two must be Indian languages. Foreign languages can be taken only as the third language or as an optional fourth language, depending on the school structure.
For smooth implementation, the board said Class IX students will temporarily use Class VI textbooks for the third language until new secondary-level books are introduced. Schools have also been asked to add local or state literature to support learning.
Teacher Shortage Solutions
CBSE has allowed schools to use interim solutions where there is a shortage of language teachers. These include sharing resources between schools, virtual classes, and engagement of retired teachers or qualified postgraduates.
Special Provisions
The board has further said that relaxations will be provided on a case-by-case basis for Children with Special Needs (CwSN), schools outside India, and foreign students returning to India.
Key Points for Students
- Schools can offer any language from the CBSE approved list as the third language.
- At least two of the three languages must be native Indian languages.
- Foreign languages can be chosen only in a limited way: either as the third language (if the first two are Indian languages) or as an optional fourth language (if the school offers it).
This policy aims to promote multilingualism and preserve Indian languages as per the NEP 2020 vision.
