Kolkata Grapples with Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreak as Rotavirus and Norovirus Cases Spike
An alarming outbreak of viral gastroenteritis, primarily driven by rotavirus and norovirus, has swept across Kolkata, leaving hundreds of residents severely ill over the past week. The symptoms, which closely mimic severe diarrhoea or food poisoning, have led to widespread concern among healthcare professionals and the public alike.
Symptoms and Initial Misconceptions
The illness typically begins with loose motions, followed by repeated episodes of vomiting, intense stomach pain, and a persistent low-grade fever. Many affected families initially suspected food poisoning due to multiple members falling ill simultaneously. However, medical experts have clarified that a significant number of cases are indeed viral gastroenteritis, confirming an active outbreak in the city.
Medical Insights and Case Reports
Dr. Bhaskar Narayan Chaudhury, chief microbiologist at Peerless Hospital, highlighted the prevalence of Rotavirus A, particularly among children but also affecting adults. "We detected around 20 Rotavirus A-positive cases over the last one week," he stated, attributing the surge to multiple viruses currently in circulation.
Dr. Jitabrata Ray, a consultant paediatrician at BP Poddar Hospital, noted a seasonal rise in rotavirus-induced diarrhoea as Kolkata transitions from winter to early summer. "In the last five days, 27 patients below five years visited our OPD with symptoms suggestive of rotaviral diarrhoea. While most were managed symptomatically, two required admission due to severe fluid loss and dehydration," he explained.
At Charnock Hospital, around 10 patients sought treatment for severe diarrhea and dehydration over the last 10 days, with approximately 40% requiring hospitalization due to symptom severity and existing comorbidities. Dr. Nishant Agarwal, head of emergency services, mentioned that while tests are rarely conducted, the symptoms strongly indicate viral gastroenteritis.
Treatment and Management Strategies
Management of the outbreak has been primarily supportive, focusing on oral rehydration therapy, intravenous fluids when necessary, zinc supplementation, and careful monitoring to prevent complications. Dr. Sarbajit Ray, a consultant physician at ILS Hospital, emphasized the importance of adequate fluid replacement and early ORS supplementation, noting that adult patients are now also being affected.
Dr. MS Purkait, superintendent of Techno India DAMA Hospital, reported receiving many children with diarrhea, some showing traces of blood in their stool. Similarly, ILS Hospital has treated scores of children with comparable symptoms.
Viral Differentiation and Severity
Dr. Sayan Chakrabarty, an infectious diseases physician at Manipal Hospital, clarified the viral distinctions: rotavirus primarily triggers gastroenteritis in children, while norovirus is responsible for cases in adults. "We received multiple patients every day. The symptoms are similar and usually more severe in elderly people and children. Other than loose motions, it also left patients weak with a persistent low fever. Oral rehydration is the best treatment," he added, underscoring the critical role of hydration in recovery.
As Kolkata battles this health crisis, doctors urge the public to maintain hygiene, stay hydrated, and seek medical attention promptly if symptoms worsen, to mitigate the spread and impact of this viral outbreak.
