Tragic Monkey Fever Death in Karnataka Highlights Disease Risks
A 29-year-old man from Karnataka's Tirthahalli taluk has tragically died after contracting Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), commonly known as monkey fever. This unfortunate incident occurred on January 28 at a hospital in Udupi district, bringing renewed attention to a disease that often remains under the radar until it proves fatal.
Unusual Fatality Despite Rapid Medical Response
Health department commissioner Gurudatta Hegde described this as an unusual and unfortunate case, noting that when KFD is detected within a week of contraction, the survival rate typically approaches 100%. "In his case, our officers immediately picked him up after symptoms were reported, and KFD was confirmed within one day, and the referral happened quickly. He was stable until a couple of days ago," Hegde explained to media sources.
Understanding Monkey Fever Transmission
Dr. Aishwarya R, Consultant in Infectious Diseases at Aster RV Hospital, Bangalore, clarified important aspects of this disease. "Despite its name, Monkey Fever does not spread directly from monkeys to humans," she emphasized. The primary transmission occurs through the vector Haemaphysalis spinigera, a forest tick, with other animals like squirrels and rats serving as infection sources.
Humans typically contract KFD through:
- Tick bites from nymphs (immature ticks)
- Contact with sick or dead infected monkeys
- Handling animals without proper protection
- Exposure to areas where infected monkeys have died
Importantly, the doctor confirmed that the fever does not transmit through human-to-human contact. The incidence usually begins in October or November, peaking between January and April.
Recognizing KFD Symptoms
Dr. Aishwarya R detailed the characteristic symptoms of monkey fever: "The fever is typically characterised by chills and a pounding headache, followed by bleeding from the nose, throat, and gums." Symptoms generally appear 3–8 days after exposure.
Other significant symptoms include:
- Low blood pressure
- Decreased platelet and blood counts
- Neurological manifestations including nausea and vomiting
- Muscle stiffness and tremors
- Mental disturbances and poor reflexes
- Visual impairment and severe headaches
Prevention and Management Strategies
The case fatality rate ranges from 2–10%, depending largely on early detection and healthcare access. "Most patients recover fully with appropriate medical support," noted the Bengaluru-based specialist. With rising cases in Karnataka's forest districts, awareness becomes crucial.
Key preventive measures include:
- Prompt reporting of monkey deaths to authorities
- Seeking early medical attention for fever after forest exposure
- Avoiding forest areas during outbreak seasons
- Wearing full-sleeved protective clothing
- Using effective tick repellents
- Avoiding contact with dead monkeys or animals
Treatment Approach and Recovery
While no specific treatment exists for monkey fever, immediate medical attention is essential for managing the condition. Patients typically receive intravenous fluid therapy to replace lost fluids, along with protective measures to control hemorrhagic bleeding. Dr. Aishwarya R advises patients to take complete rest, maintain adequate hydration, and consume a protein-rich diet to support recovery.
The tragic death in Karnataka serves as a stark reminder of the importance of awareness, early detection, and preventive measures against this serious yet preventable disease that continues to affect regions with forest ecosystems.
