Why This Common Burn Remedy Is Actually Dangerous
When it comes to treating burns, many people instinctively reach for ice to soothe the pain and cool the affected area. However, this widespread practice, despite its popularity, can actually cause more harm than good. Experts are now warning against this common misconception, highlighting the severe risks associated with applying extreme cold to burnt skin.
The Science Behind the Danger
According to Dr. Gunasekar Vuppalapati, a senior consultant in Aesthetic, Reconstructive, and Plastic Surgery at GVG Invivo Hospital in Bengaluru, applying ice to burnt skin triggers a harmful physiological response. "When ice is applied to burnt skin, it causes blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow to the affected area," he explains. This process, known as vasoconstriction, limits the delivery of essential nutrients and oxygen that are crucial for the healing process.
Dr. Vuppalapati further elaborates that this immediate reaction can exacerbate the injury by deepening the burn and potentially causing frostbite. "According to a study published in the Journal of Burn Care and Research, this can further damage the skin and underlying tissues," he adds. The reduced blood flow can lead to hypoxia, or oxygen deficiency in the tissues, which hinders the repair and regeneration of damaged cells, ultimately delaying wound healing and increasing the risk of complications.
Potential Risks and Complications
The primary risk of applying ice to a burn is the potential for additional tissue damage. Ice can cause frostbite, which occurs when tissues freeze and form ice crystals, leading to cell rupture and death. This can significantly worsen the initial burn injury and complicate treatment efforts.
Dr. Vuppalapati points out that the extreme cold can also exacerbate pain rather than providing relief. "The sudden temperature drop can cause a shock to the system, leading to increased pain and discomfort for the individual," he says. Additionally, applying ice can disrupt the natural barrier function of the skin, making it more susceptible to infections.
Recommended First Aid Steps for Treating Burns
Instead of using ice, Dr. Vuppalapati recommends following these proper first aid steps for treating burns:
- Cool the Burn: Immediately cool the burn with cool (not cold) running water for at least 10-20 minutes. This helps dissipate heat, reduces the severity of the burn, and provides pain relief. Cooling with water is preferred because it gently lowers the skin temperature without causing further damage.
- Protect the Burn: After cooling, cover the burn with a sterile, non-adhesive bandage or a clean cloth. This protects the area from infection and further injury. Sterile dressings also help maintain a moist environment, which is conducive to healing.
- Avoid Ice: Steer clear of using ice, ice water, or very cold water. The risk of additional tissue damage and delayed healing far outweighs any potential benefit. The focus should be on gentle cooling and protection.
- Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage pain and inflammation. These medications reduce the body's inflammatory response, providing relief and aiding the healing process.
- Seek Medical Attention: For more severe burns, such as those with blistering, charred skin, or burns larger than the size of the palm, seek immediate medical care. Medical professionals can assess the severity of the burn and provide appropriate treatment to prevent complications.
By understanding the dangers of applying ice to burns and following these expert-recommended steps, individuals can ensure safer and more effective treatment for burn injuries. This knowledge is crucial for preventing further harm and promoting proper healing.
