Medieval Silver Pendant Unearthed in Essex Reveals Hidden Roman-Era Gemstone
Archaeologists have made a remarkable discovery in Essex, UK, where a medieval silver pendant has been found to contain a hidden Roman-era gemstone, providing fascinating insights into historical recycling practices across different eras.
Discovery and Initial Findings
The discovery occurred in September 2024 on farmland in Essex, approximately 45 miles northeast of London. A local metal detector enthusiast uncovered a small oval pendant crafted from silver, measuring roughly one inch in length. According to experts from the UK's Portable Antiquities Scheme, the jewelry dates back to between the 13th and 15th centuries, based on its design, condition, and the location of the find.
The silver frame features engraved mirrored Latin text that would have been used to create wax impressions. The official record in the UK antiquities database indicates that when pressed into wax, the inscription reads "SECRETVM.RICARDI", meaning "Richard's secret" or "Richard's secret seal". Accompanying the text is a small engraved cross, a typical symbol of Christianity in medieval Europe, suggesting the pendant was used as a personal seal.
The Roman Gemstone Revelation
What makes this discovery particularly extraordinary is the pendant's central red gemstone. Researchers from Archaeology News have revealed that this carved gem predates the medieval setting by more than a thousand years. The gemstone is believed to have been created during the Augustan era of the Roman Empire, possibly in the late first century BCE.
The gemstone depicts a racing chariot, a scene commonly found in Roman intaglios, and could also be pressed into wax to create a raised image. According to the Portable Antiquities Scheme, while combining Roman gems with medieval metalwork was rare, it was not entirely unheard of. The database notes that "gem-set seal matrices were used by both citizens and the nobility to indicate social status."
Historical Context and Significance
Archaeologists quoted by Archaeology News emphasize that this pendant highlights the lasting influence of the Roman Empire in Britain. Roman forces arrived in the first century BCE and occupied the region until the early fifth century CE, leaving behind numerous objects that continued to circulate long after their rule ended.
The practice of reusing older Roman artifacts was more common among people of lower social status who discovered such items while ploughing fields or digging land, whereas wealthy elites often imported finely crafted gems. This pendant serves as a tangible example of how historical items were repurposed across centuries.
Legal Classification and Future Display
Due to its significant age and historical importance, the pendant has been legally classified as a "treasure" under UK law. As a result, it is unlikely to remain with the finder. The Braintree Museum has confirmed that it is in discussions to acquire the object, with plans to place it on public display.
This will allow visitors to witness firsthand how a medieval accessory concealed a much older Roman secret, offering a unique window into the interconnectedness of different historical periods through material culture.
