Every year on January 9, India turns its gaze outward to honor a vital part of its national family—the millions of Indian citizens living abroad. This day is celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD), a cornerstone event recognizing the immense contributions of the Non-Resident Indian (NRI) and Person of Indian Origin (PIO) communities. But why was this specific date chosen, and how did this celebration begin?
The Historical Significance of January 9
The selection of January 9 is deeply rooted in modern Indian history. This date marks the return of one of India's most iconic Pravasis—Mahatma Gandhi. On January 9, 1915, Mahatma Gandhi returned to Mumbai from South Africa, where he had developed his philosophy of Satyagraha. His return was not just a homecoming; it was a pivotal moment that altered the course of India's struggle for independence.
The Indian government, under the leadership of then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, decided to symbolically link this day of return with the celebration of the entire diaspora. The inaugural Pravasi Bharatiya Divas was consequently held on January 9, 2003. The choice was a powerful tribute, connecting the contemporary diaspora's global journey with Gandhi's transformative return, which itself was a result of his experiences as part of the Indian diaspora in South Africa.
The Inception and Evolution of Pravasi Bharatiya Divas
The idea for a dedicated day to engage with the overseas Indian community was formally recommended by the High-Level Committee on Indian Diaspora, chaired by L. M. Singhvi. The committee submitted its report in 2001, and the government swiftly acted upon it.
The first-ever Pravasi Bharatiya Divas convention in 2003 was a landmark event held in New Delhi. It was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and attended by nearly 2000 diaspora members from dozens of countries. The event featured the then President, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, as the chief guest for the valedictory session.
Since its inception, the format and frequency of PBD have evolved. Initially an annual event, it was later decided to hold the main convention biannually, with theme-based conferences in the intervening years. The convention serves as a premier platform for the government to connect with the diaspora, discuss policy issues, and acknowledge their achievements through awards like the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman.
The Enduring Impact and Global Connection
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas has grown into much more than a symbolic celebration. It is a strategic bridge between India and its global community. The day and the accompanying conventions have several key impacts:
- Policy Dialogue: It provides a direct channel for diaspora feedback on issues like investment, immigration, and cultural preservation.
- Honoring Excellence: The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Award honors exceptional contributions by NRIs/PIOs in various fields.
- Economic Engagement: The event fosters partnerships, encouraging diaspora investment and knowledge sharing for India's development.
- Cultural Reaffirmation: It strengthens the cultural and emotional bonds of younger generations with their Indian heritage.
By choosing January 9, India eternally links the story of its diaspora with the narrative of its own freedom and progress. The day commemorates Gandhi's return as the ultimate 'Pravasi' whose external journey empowered the nation, while simultaneously celebrating every overseas Indian who continues to enhance India's prestige and prosperity on the world stage. It is a day of homecoming, gratitude, and shared destiny.
