Question 1: National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)
Which statement about NCAP is correct? Option B is correct: The programme aims for a 20% to 30% reduction in PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations by 2024, using 2017 as the base year. NCAP is not legally binding (A is wrong), is centrally funded with state support (C is wrong), and covers rural and agricultural sources (D is wrong).
Question 2: Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) Implementation Body
In the National Capital Region, the Commission for Air Quality Management in NCR and Adjoining Areas (CAQM) is responsible for implementing GRAP (Option C). The EPCA was dissolved and replaced by CAQM in 2021.
Question 3: Fly Ash Utilisation Mandates
Under the Fly Ash Utilisation notification, coal or lignite-based thermal power plants must achieve 100% fly ash utilisation and bear the cost of transportation within a specified radius (Option A). Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they misstate the obligations.
Question 4: E-Waste (Management) Rules Institutional Mechanism
The E-Waste Rules introduced a digitalized Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) framework where producers register, achieve collection targets, and trade EPR certificates (Option D). Options A, B, and C are not part of the rules.
Question 5: Namami Gange Programme Funding and Implementation
The Namami Gange Programme is a 100% centrally funded scheme implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) at the national level and State Programme Management Groups (SPMGs) at the state level (Option B). It is not World Bank-funded (A), not 50:50 matching (C), and not executed by the Army (D).
Answers Summary
1. B, 2. C, 3. A, 4. D, 5. B. These questions cover key environmental policies and institutional frameworks in India.
