The Karnataka agriculture department has issued an alert to 13 districts across the state regarding the circulation of unauthorised genetically modified (GM) cotton seeds. As per the law, only those GM seeds approved by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) for commercial release can be sold in the country. The department has warned farmers and traders against the use or sale of any unapproved GM cotton varieties.
Districts Under Alert
The alert covers districts including Belagavi, Ballari, Vijayapura, Kalaburagi, Raichur, Yadgir, Bidar, Koppal, Gadag, Dharwad, Haveri, Davangere, and Chitradurga. These regions are major cotton-growing areas in Karnataka, and the unauthorised seeds could pose risks to crop yield and the environment.
Legal Implications
Under the Indian Environment Protection Act and the Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989, any unauthorised GM seed is illegal. Violators may face strict legal action, including fines and imprisonment. The department has urged farmers to purchase seeds only from authorised dealers and report any suspicious sales.
Background on GM Cotton in India
India currently allows commercial cultivation of Bt cotton, which is approved by the GEAC. However, several unapproved varieties have been found in the market, often marketed as high-yielding or pest-resistant. The department's alert aims to curb the spread of such seeds, which have not undergone mandatory biosafety assessments.
Department's Recommendations
- Farmers should verify seed labels and check for GEAC approval numbers.
- Local agriculture officers have been directed to conduct surprise checks in seed shops.
- Any unauthorised seeds found will be seized, and legal proceedings initiated against sellers.
The department has also set up a helpline for farmers to report concerns. This proactive measure is part of a broader effort to ensure agricultural safety and compliance with national regulations.
