In a significant move to safeguard wildlife, Indian Railways is set to massively expand its artificial intelligence (AI)-powered surveillance system along crucial tracks in the northeastern region. The initiative aims to drastically reduce fatal collisions between trains and animals, particularly elephants, which are a recurring tragedy.
Expanding the AI Safety Net
The railway ministry has approved the extension of the AI-based "Intrusion Detection System" (IDS) across approximately 981 kilometers of track. This expansion will cover several sections identified as high-risk zones for animal movement. The system is already operational on a pilot basis on a 70-km stretch in the Lumding division and a 7-km section in the Alipurduar division of the Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR).
The technology functions as a smart sentinel. It uses a network of optical fiber cables laid alongside the tracks. These cables act as sensors, detecting vibrations and sounds caused by any intrusion on the track. When potential movement is sensed, the AI algorithms analyze the data in real-time. If an animal is identified, the system instantly sends alerts to the station masters and loco pilots of approaching trains, enabling them to slow down or stop to avoid an accident.
Focus on High-Risk Corridors
The decision to scale up this technology follows its promising results in initial deployments. The expanded coverage will specifically target vulnerable sections that cut through forests and wildlife habitats. The Northeast region, with its rich biodiversity and numerous elephant corridors, has witnessed several tragic incidents of trains hitting elephants and other animals over the years.
This proactive measure is part of a broader strategy by Indian Railways to balance infrastructure development with environmental responsibility and wildlife conservation. The 981-km expansion represents one of the largest deployments of such technology for wildlife protection on railway networks in the country.
A Multi-Pronged Approach to Conservation
While the AI system is a technological cornerstone, railways are also employing other methods to mitigate risks. These include:
- Constructing underpasses and overpasses (animal passages) to facilitate safe crossing.
- Installing hooter systems at designated locations to warn animals.
- Imposing speed restrictions in sensitive zones during night hours or known animal movement periods.
- Engaging in regular coordination with forest department officials for better monitoring.
The integration of AI into this effort marks a leap forward. It provides a 24/7, all-weather detection capability that complements physical infrastructure and manual patrolling. The goal is to create an intelligent, responsive safety barrier that protects both precious wildlife and ensures the smooth operation of train services.
This expansion underscores a commitment to leveraging cutting-edge innovation for environmental stewardship. As the system rolls out across the nearly 1,000 km of track, it is expected to become a critical tool in preventing heartbreaking wildlife fatalities and fostering safer coexistence between India's railway network and its natural heritage.
