Goa's Avian Biodiversity Under Threat as IUCN Uplists Four Bird Species
In a development that has raised significant concern among wildlife enthusiasts and ecologists across Goa, four bird species have been recently uplisted to the 'near threatened' category by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This move underscores growing threats to the state's unique ecosystems, particularly its open grasslands and plateaus.
Plateau-Dependent Birds at Risk
Among the affected species, three are specifically dependent on open grassland and plateau habitats found in Goa. Notably, the Indian Courser, a bird recognized for its striking black-and-white brow pattern and orange-suffused crown and chest, was recorded at the Quitol plateau on February 11, marking a new record for the region. This species typically inhabits dry open spaces, including rocky plains and arid areas with scattered scrubs.
Parag Rangnekar, a birder and former member of the Goa State Biodiversity Board, emphasized the ecological importance of these plateaus. "Just because plateaus are devoid of dense trees, people think they are of no use. But these are home to a lot of migratory birds, such as the Indian Courser, and other ecosystems," he stated, highlighting the critical role these areas play in supporting biodiversity.
Rich Biodiversity of Quitol Plateau
Data from eBird reveals that as many as 192 bird species have been sighted at the Quitol plateau, showcasing its significance as a hotspot for avifauna. Beyond birds, the plateau is known to harbor high plant diversity, including endemic and highly habitat-specific species. For instance, the herb locally known as Dipkadi, which blooms around September, is characteristic of lateritic plateau ecosystems.
MK Janartham, a retired senior professor of botany at Goa University with three decades of plateau research, noted that during the monsoon, a remarkable diversity of herbaceous plants emerges, many of which are endemic. "This makes them highly vulnerable to disturbance," he warned, pointing to the fragility of these ecosystems.
Human Activities Pose Additional Threats
Recent events have exacerbated concerns, with the India Energy Week held from January 27 to 30 at the ONGC Advanced Training Institute at Quitol. Pradip Sarmokadam, member secretary of the Goa State Biodiversity Board, reported that waste generated during the event was found at the plateau site. "We alerted ONGC and asked them to initiate action to clear it. However, a visit the next day revealed that additional waste remained at the site," he said, indicating ongoing environmental challenges.
This incident highlights the broader issue of human activities impacting sensitive habitats, further endangering species already facing uplisting by the IUCN. The combination of ecological degradation and conservation neglect calls for urgent attention to protect Goa's natural heritage.
