In a significant move to shape the future security architecture of Eastern Europe, leaders from the European Union have agreed on a framework for long-term security guarantees for Ukraine. The proposal, which emerged from high-level discussions, crucially includes the potential deployment of a European-led peacekeeping force.
Core Elements of the Proposed Security Guarantees
The agreed-upon statement, detailed on 15 December 2025, outlines several concrete measures deemed necessary for Ukraine's future defence and deterrence. A central pillar of the plan is the recommendation regarding the size of Ukraine's military. The European leaders stated that Ukraine should be able to maintain its armed forces at a strength of around 800,000 personnel. This substantial force level is considered essential to deter any future aggression and conflict effectively.
Beyond the numerical strength of the Ukrainian army, the proposed security guarantees envision a direct and sustained European role in regional stability. The most notable aspect is the endorsement of a European-led peacekeeping force. While specific operational details, mandates, and deployment timelines remain to be finalised, this marks a clear commitment from EU nations to provide not just material support but also a physical security presence.
Strategic Implications and Global Context
This collective stance by European leaders represents a strategic evolution in the international response to the ongoing war. Moving beyond sanctions and military aid, the proposal for formal security guarantees signals a long-term commitment to Ukraine's sovereignty within the European security framework. The inclusion of a peacekeeping force suggests a readiness to assume a more active, on-ground role in ensuring a future peace, should conditions allow.
The announcement, reported by Reuters, comes at a critical juncture. It underscores a European consensus on the need for a robust, post-conflict security plan that leaves Ukraine capable of defending itself. The focus on an 800,000-strong military aims to create a powerful deterrent, while the peacekeeping force concept addresses transitional security needs.
Path Ahead and Reactions
The proposed framework will now likely be subject to further diplomatic negotiations and planning. Key questions regarding the composition, funding, and rules of engagement for the European-led peacekeeping force will need answers. Furthermore, the plan implicitly sets a benchmark for Ukraine's future defence posture, linking international security assurances with Kyiv's own military capacity.
This development is poised to shape discussions in other international forums and will be closely analysed by global observers. It firmly places European nations at the forefront of designing a sustainable security outcome for Ukraine, with a clear emphasis on deterrence and stability.
