Breakthrough in Yak Reproduction at High Altitudes
In a significant development for livestock management in extreme environments, a total of 25 female yaks were enrolled in a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) programme in Arunachal Pradesh. Of these, 14 conceived, achieving a 56% conception rate, according to officials involved in the initiative.
Details of the FTAI Programme
The programme was implemented by the National Research Centre on Yak (NRC-Yak) in Dirang, West Kameng district, in collaboration with the state animal husbandry department. The FTAI technique was used to synchronize estrus cycles and inseminate yaks at a predetermined time, eliminating the need for heat detection.
According to Dr. Mihir Sarkar, director of NRC-Yak, "This is the first time such a high conception rate has been achieved through artificial insemination in yaks under field conditions at altitudes above 3,000 metres." The success is attributed to improved protocols for semen handling and insemination timing.
Impact on Yak Farming and Livelihoods
Yak farming is a cornerstone of the economy and culture for high-altitude communities in Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Ladakh, and Himachal Pradesh. The improved breeding technique can help increase herd size and genetic diversity, reducing inbreeding depression. The programme aims to cover 100 yaks in the next phase, with plans to train local veterinarians.
"The 56% conception rate is a game-changer for yak herders who previously relied solely on natural breeding, which is often hampered by harsh terrain and limited bull availability," added Dr. Sarkar. The initiative is part of a broader effort to boost livestock productivity under the National Livestock Mission.
