External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar delivered a powerful analysis of the changing global power dynamics during his recent address in Kolkata, highlighting the fundamental shifts occurring between the United States and China that are reshaping international relations.
The Changing Nature of Global Power
Speaking after receiving an honorary doctorate from IIM Calcutta on November 29, 2025, Jaishankar presented one of his most insightful geopolitical assessments to date. He explained that the United States has moved away from defending the established international system and is now actively redefining it according to its strategic interests.
The US approach has evolved significantly, with Washington increasingly engaging countries through bilateral arrangements and creating new frameworks specifically designed to advance its national objectives. This represents a departure from traditional multilateral diplomacy and reflects a more pragmatic, interest-driven foreign policy.
China's Assertive Stance and Global Consequences
Meanwhile, China continues to reinforce its longstanding practice of establishing its own rules and expanding its influence across multiple regions. Jaishankar noted that Beijing's assertive behavior has become more pronounced, creating additional pressure points in the international system.
The minister outlined how nations worldwide now find themselves caught between competing priorities: security vulnerabilities, disrupted supply chains, shrinking globalization, and intensifying great-power rivalry. These overlapping challenges have created a complex landscape where traditional diplomatic approaches are becoming less effective.
Strategic Choices in a Transforming World
Jaishankar emphasized that the current global reset means neutral ground is rapidly diminishing. Countries must make strategic decisions that carry more significant consequences than ever before. The comfortable middle ground that many nations previously occupied has substantially narrowed, forcing clearer alignment choices.
With characteristic clarity and candor, the External Affairs Minister explained the true nature of this global transformation and what it means for India's future positioning. His analysis provides crucial insights for understanding how middle powers like India can navigate the increasingly polarized international environment.
The speech in Kolkata represents one of the most comprehensive explanations of the current geopolitical realignment from an Indian perspective, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and analysts seeking to understand the new global order taking shape.
