Budget 2026 Delivers Major Push for Astronomy with Four Key Projects
India's growing prominence in astronomy research has received a substantial policy and financial boost from the central government, as announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in the Union Budget 2026-27. The budget includes significant support for four major astronomy initiatives aimed at enhancing both research capabilities and public science outreach across the country.
Four Strategic Astronomy Projects Funded
The government has committed to funding four critical astronomy projects that are expected to transform India's research landscape. These include the establishment of the National Large Solar Telescope (NLST), the development of the National Large Optical-Infrared Telescope (NLOT), an upgrade of the existing Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT), and the creation of the COSMOS-2 Planetarium. While specific allocations for each project have not been detailed individually, the overall budget provides Rs 1,623.8 crore in assistance to autonomous bodies, including the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in Bengaluru, which will be responsible for implementing these ambitious projects.
Strengthening Domestic Research Capabilities
In her budget speech, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman emphasized that these facilities are designed to "promote astrophysics and astronomy via immersive experiences." Scientists from leading institutions such as the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) and the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA) have welcomed the announcement, noting that it could significantly enhance India's ability to conduct cutting-edge research domestically. This move is expected to reduce the country's dependence on overseas observatories and foster greater self-reliance in astronomical studies.
Key Project Details and Locations
The National Large Solar Telescope (NLST) will be situated near Pangong Lake in Ladakh, a location identified by IIA as an ideal high-altitude site for solar observations. Designed as a 2-metre-class optical and near-infrared instrument, NLST will focus on studying the Sun's magnetic fields and the mechanisms behind solar flares and coronal mass ejections, contributing to our understanding of solar phenomena.
Meanwhile, the National Large Optical-Infrared Telescope (NLOT) is planned as a larger 10-12 metre facility in Hanle, Ladakh, which has emerged as India's principal astronomy site. The budget also proposes upgrading the Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) to extend its observational capabilities, further solidifying Hanle's role as a hub for astronomical research.
Impact on Research and Talent Development
Experts believe that improved access to world-class facilities will encourage more students to pursue advanced research within India, rather than seeking opportunities abroad. This initiative is also anticipated to attract global collaborations and help retain young scientific talent in the country. Professor Annapurni Subramaniam, Director of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, confirmed to TOI that the institute will oversee the implementation of these projects, highlighting their potential to elevate India's standing in the global astronomy community.
The budget's focus on astronomy reflects a strategic investment in scientific infrastructure, aligning with India's broader goals of fostering innovation and research excellence. By supporting these projects, the government aims to create a robust ecosystem for astronomy that benefits both the scientific community and the general public through enhanced outreach and educational opportunities.
