The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has issued notices to the central government, the Bihar government, and the State Pollution Control Board over the rapidly deteriorating ecological condition of Kanwar lake, Asia's largest oxbow lake. The lake is located in Cheriya Bariyarpur, about 20 km north of Begusarai.
NGT Takes Suo Motu Cognisance
The green body was hearing a matter where it had taken suo motu cognisance of a media report highlighting the worsening condition of the lake. According to the NGT's order, the lake's ecosystem is under severe stress due to encroachment, pollution, and siltation. The tribunal has sought responses from the authorities within four weeks.
Ecological Significance of Kanwar Lake
Kanwar Lake, a Ramsar site, is a crucial freshwater wetland that supports a rich biodiversity, including numerous species of migratory birds. As the largest oxbow lake in Asia, it plays a vital role in flood control and groundwater recharge. However, the lake has been shrinking over the years due to human activities, leading to loss of habitat and water quality degradation.
Environmentalists have long highlighted the need for urgent conservation measures. The media report that prompted the NGT's action noted that the lake's water spread area has reduced significantly, and its ability to support aquatic life is declining.
Authorities Asked to Respond
The NGT has directed the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, the Bihar government, and the Bihar State Pollution Control Board to file their replies. The tribunal also sought a detailed report on the steps taken to restore the lake. This is not the first time the NGT has intervened in environmental issues in Bihar; earlier, it had taken action on the pollution of the Ganga and other water bodies.
The outcome of this case could set a precedent for the conservation of oxbow lakes across India. The NGT's notice underscores the legal obligation of authorities to protect wetlands under the Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017.
