The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has removed chapters on the French and Russian Revolutions from Class IX textbooks, replacing them with content on the Indian knowledge system. The changes are part of a broader curriculum revision aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
Key Changes in Class IX Social Science
The revised textbooks no longer include detailed accounts of the French Revolution (1789) and the Russian Revolution (1917), which were previously part of the history syllabus. Instead, new chapters focus on ancient Indian knowledge systems, including contributions in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and governance.
According to an NCERT official, the decision aims to “decolonise” the curriculum and highlight India’s indigenous heritage. The official stated, “The goal is to make students aware of India’s rich intellectual traditions, which have often been overlooked in favour of European history.”
Impact on Students and Teachers
The move has sparked debate among educators and historians. Some argue that removing world history topics could limit students’ global perspective. A Delhi-based history teacher commented, “Understanding revolutions is crucial for grasping modern political ideologies. However, the new content can be valuable if taught alongside global events.”
NCERT has assured that key concepts from the removed chapters will be integrated into higher classes. The Class IX syllabus now includes units on the Indus Valley civilisation, Vedic period, and Mauryan and Gupta empires, with an emphasis on indigenous knowledge.
Alignment with NEP 2020
The revisions are part of a phased implementation of NEP 2020, which stresses “rootedness in Indian culture.” NCERT has also introduced similar changes in other subjects, including replacing Mughal history with content on regional kingdoms and local governance.
Critics, however, have raised concerns about the timing and transparency of the changes. A statement from a group of academics read, “While promoting Indian knowledge is commendable, the removal of foundational world history events without public consultation is problematic.”
Future Curriculum Plans
NCERT plans to release updated textbooks for all classes by 2027. The council has formed subject-specific committees to review content and ensure alignment with NEP 2020. Further changes are expected in Class X and XII syllabi, with a focus on reducing content load and promoting experiential learning.
