Experts at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh have raised an alarm over the increasing incidence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in India. Once considered rare in children, IBD—which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis—is now being diagnosed more frequently among Indian children, mirroring global trends.
Rising Numbers and Changing Demographics
According to recent data from PGIMER's Gastroenterology department, the number of paediatric IBD cases has risen by nearly 30% over the past five years. The condition, which causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, leads to symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue. In children, it can also impair growth and development.
Dr. S. K. Singh, a senior gastroenterologist at PGIMER, stated, “We are seeing children as young as two years old being diagnosed with IBD. This is a worrying trend that requires immediate attention.” He attributed the rise to factors such as dietary changes, increased pollution, and possibly genetic predisposition.
Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing IBD in children is often challenging because symptoms can mimic other common childhood ailments like infections or irritable bowel syndrome. Delayed diagnosis can lead to complications such as strictures, fistulas, and malnutrition. Treatment involves a combination of medications, nutritional therapy, and sometimes surgery.
Dr. Neha Sharma, a paediatric gastroenterologist at PGIMER, emphasized the need for awareness among parents and pediatricians. “Many children suffer for months before being correctly diagnosed. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life,” she said.
Call for Action
The experts have called for a national registry to track paediatric IBD cases and for more research into environmental triggers. They also stressed the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving gastroenterologists, dietitians, and psychologists to manage the disease effectively.
PGIMER is currently conducting a study to identify specific risk factors in the Indian population. Preliminary findings suggest that a diet high in processed foods and low in fiber may contribute to the development of IBD in genetically susceptible children.
In conclusion, the rising incidence of paediatric IBD in India is a public health concern that warrants urgent action. Increased awareness, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management strategies are crucial to tackling this growing problem.
